Graines Rosier des haies, Églantier, Rosa canina

Rose of hedges, riding, Rosa Canina |

The  dog rose ,  hedge rose  or  dog rose  ( Rosa canina  L.), is a species of thorny shrub  in the family  Rosaceae , very common in temperate regions of the Old World . It is found in  hedges  and woods, especially on the  plain . It is a species of  botanical roses  with many  ecotypes , always with  single flowers  . It is used as  a rootstock  for  varieties  of  roses  improved. Some of its hybrids are   cultivated roses .

20 seeds -  Average germination: 60% - Cold stratification 4/5 months before sowing

• Common names  (popular science): Dog rose (hence the scientific name  Rosa canina ), Hedge rose, Dog rose 1 . The name “dog rose” comes from the property once attributed to the  root  of this plant, which was supposed to cure the bites of  rabid dogs 2 .
• Vernacular names  (everyday language), which can also designate other species: dog rose, wild rose, hipster (name given to the  fruit of the dog rose  and which, by metonymy, can designate the entire plant 3 ). The term "ass scratcher" refers to the hairs on the inside of the fruit which can be itchy.

This rosehip is a shrub that can reach 1 to 5 meters in height, with  erect, arched stems  , provided with very prickly curved prickles. They are provided with  developed stipules  .

The   alternate, compound leaves have 5 to 7 toothed elliptical leaflets.

The plant is  hermaphroditic . It blooms from May to July. The flowers are pollinated by insects and the seeds are dispersed by birds.

Rosehip is very rich in sugars and vitamin C. It is made into  jams . The fruits (achenes) and the hairs contained inside the rose hip have a very irritating effect on the skin and the  mucous membrane . Their contact causes unbearable itching (use as scratching hair) and their ingestion causes a very important anal pruritus (hence the name butt scratcher). It is because of this strong irritant power that rose hips are sometimes classified as low-  toxic fruits 6 . 

In the forest, the species is very popular with  roe deer .

The Dog Rose was used as  rootstock  for various varieties of  roses , but currently only the varieties  Rosa canina inermis  (thornless) and  Rosa canina Pfänder  (excellent for grafting standard roses) are still used.

Horticultural varieties   have been bred for ornamental cultivation.

Wild rose is used in  perfumery  for its delicate notes.

The  fruits  of this rosehip, or  rosehips , have  medicinal  and  food uses . Very rich in  vitamin C  (20 times more than  citrus fruits ), they also contain vitamins B and PP,  provitamin A  and mineral salts. Fresh, softened by the first frosts or after light cooking, they form a paste that is eaten sweetened with dairy products. But they are mainly used in  jams ,  syrups  and  jellies . Dried and reduced to powder, they are used in  decoction  for  herbal teas. They are the basis of the traditional Czech and Slovak dish called  šípková omáčka , a kind of beef stew.

The fruit pulp is edible (jam)  8 .

Content subject to CC-BY-SA 3.0 license . Source: Article  Rosa canina  from  Wikipedia in French  ( authors )