30 Graines Chicorée sauvage, Chicorée amère, Cichorium intybus

Wild chicory, bitter chicory, intybus cichorium |

The bitter chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) is a species of herbaceous plants living of Family of Asteraceae. It is at the origin of salads like the Capuchin beard , the Endives or Chicoons or the Italian Red Chicory (see Radicchio), but also coffee chicory, etc.

This species is also called Savage Chicory by horticulturalists and certain botanists while it is very cultivated in the Mediterranean regionsN 1 and it has many very differentiated cultivars and very evolved. And as Michel Chauvet remarks1, it would be better to call it " bitter chicory ", because its representatives are precisely appreciated for their bitterness, which the selection has maintained much more than In Cichorium Endiva, Endive chicory. Because we must be careful not to confuse this species cultivated with the near species: the chicory endive (cichorium endivia) which gives two salads: the chicory curly and the Chicory Scarole.

Known in Europe, since Greco-Roman antiquity, it is one of the plants whose culture is recommended in the royal fields by Charlemagne in the capitular of Villis (end of VIII^e or beginning of IX^e century). Its main groups of current cultivars developed since XVII^e century, have taken on variable economic importance depending on the country. Thus, the production of endives remains concentrated in the European Union, with 249 000 T including 57 % in France, 23 % in Belgium and 20 % in the Netherlands1.

30 seeds - Photo 4: germination in 4 days in greenhouse 25-30 ° C

The genre name Cichorium comes from classic Latin Cichorium " Chicore ", coming from Greek κιχορια, Ων (τα) Kikhoria " Chicory " (vegetable), form of plural neutral of the singular κιχοριον Kikhorion, name of Egyptian origin11.

Thespecific epithet Intybus is borrowed from Latin which itself comes from the Greek ἔντυβον Entybon which indicated the Chicory Scarole.

The French term Chicory also comes from the Greek κιχορια, Kikhoria, via Latin and Italian. It appears as cikoré (XIII s.), cicoree (v. 1370), then chicore (1528) under the influence of the pronunciation of the Italian Cicoria (av. 1250). This is the reason for the migration of the H behind the first C: Cichorium → Chicory.

Cichorium intybus is a species of type Perennial when it grows in the closeness, uncultivated fields or the edges of the path, but for the production of seeds, its Cultivars are generally cultivated in biennial.

It is a plant herbaceous robust, more or less pubescent, from 40 cm to 1 m high. The rosette of leaves the first year is flattened, the young shoot in the spring is quickly erected, like a kind of draft chicon. The Racine is swivel and fleshy. The unique, very branch, hairy rod with rigid branches (participating in wind resistance) and slim forming with it an obtuse angle, presents leaves basals in rosette deeply cut (Roncinées) In lobes discarded or overturned, similar to dandelion leaves, intermediate leaves lanceolate, embracing the rod, and higher leaves reduced to bracts12. These leaves are very hairy on the main ribs . All parts of the plant produce a white latex and are bitter13.

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/cichorium_intybus